Atual – ISSN 2675-4460

Anais do Workshop de Micro-ondas

Edição Atual

ISSN 2675-4460

Apresentação | Atual | Normas para publicação | Expediente | Edições anteriores

Vol. 1, Nº 8, Outubro de 2024

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2 – Development of a Hardware-in-the-Loop vehicle traction control using Machine learning techniques for embedded systems

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15454496 | pages 05 – 08

Mendes Franco, Ricardo, Justo Filho, João Francisco

Description

This work aims to describe the design of an ECU using a 32 bits microcontroller STM32H743ZIT6, for use in a traction control system in HiL mode to control two BLDC wheels of a hybrid vehicle. The data used to train the algorithm were obtained through simulation software Carsim® in conjunction with mathematical software Matlab/Simulink®. The controller was developed using Machine Learning technique and used a 3-layer LSTM network working in the embedded system of ECU to control the traction of the vehicle.

4 – LORAWAN RANGE ESTIMATION BY LARGE SCALE EMPIRICAL OUTDOOR PROPAGATION MODELS

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi:  10.5281/zenodo.15458480 | pages 12 – 14

A. Rodrigues, João Pedro, A. Varella, Walter, Maniçoba de Oliveira, Alexandre¹, de Carvalho Jr., Arnaldo

1. Maxwell Laboratory of Microwave and Applied Electromagnetism

Description

LoRaWAN is receiving significant attention for internet of things (IoT) projects because it is low-power, low-data rate over a wide range coverage area. Range estimation is an important process of any radio network planning, including LoRaWAN. This paper presents a study comparing LoRaWaN estimation based on 3 empirical propagation models, Free Space Loss, Egli and Okumura-Hata models and LoRa devices specifications. 

5 – CHALLENGES AND POTENTIAL OF MULTIMODE OPTICAL FIBERS AS RAMAN PROBE SENSORS FOR NAD AND RHODAMINE 6G DETECTION

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi:   10.5281/zenodo.15458511 | pages 15 – 17

D. Lima, Felipe, J. Salcedo, Walter , B. Magalhães, Filipe

Description

This study explores the application of optical fibers as Raman probe-type sensors for the detection of NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) and R6G (Rhodamine 6G) molecules. NAD is crucial in biological systems, participating in redox reactions essential for cellular energy production. Rhodamine 6G, in turn, is a fluorescent dye widely used in Raman spectroscopy due to its intense Raman scattering. Initially, fibers with deposited test molecules were analyzed using a Raman spectrometer, focusing the laser on the cross-section opposite to the one with the test molecule. Subsequently, the fibers were repositioned with the laser directly focused on the cross-section with the deposited test molecule. The study demonstrates the potential of optical fibers as Raman sensors, highlighting challenges and opportunities in the development of advanced biosensors. 

6 – DEVELOPMENT OF A REAL-TIME AGRICULTURAL MONITORING SYSTEM USING LORA COMMUNICATION

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi:   10.5281/zenodo.15458597 | pages 18 – 20

Alves Rodrigues, João Pedro, Augusto Varella, Walter, de Carvalho Jr., Arnaldo

Description

This paper presents the development of a remote monitoring system using the Heltec ESP32 Wi-Fi LoRa V3. The system collects soil moisture, temperature and air humidity data through DHT11 and YL-100 resistive soil sensors, transmitting them via LoRa network. The receiving hardware displays the data on an OLED display and on an HTML page accessible via local Wi-Fi. The system, designed for agricultural applications, aims at long-distance communication with low power consumption, functional and applicable to the agricultural sector. 

7 – CREATING AN INTERACTIVE EDUCATIONAL PIPELINE TO TEACH HOW TO DEVELOP AN IMAGE CLASSIFICATION A.I. FROM THE DATA ACQUISITION TO THE IMPLEMENTATION

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi:   10.5281/zenodo.15458629 | pages 21 – 23

Gobato Simões, Bruno, de Carvalho Jr., Arnaldo, Augusto Varella, Walter

Description

Due to their multiutility, image classification models have become one of the most popular Artificial Intelligence (AI) models in recent years. Additionally, the market value of AI has been exploding recently, estimated to reach $15.7 trillion by 2030. Unfortunately, reports show that Brazil has not developed as much AI as other countries. To stimulate the development of AI, this project aims to create an educational pipeline on how to create and develop an image classification AI. In the end, a functional and interactive Pipeline was published on a website. 

8 – IMAGE CLASSIFICATION OF AUTOMOTIVE PARTS: HELICAL GEAR, BEARING, AND WHEEL

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi:  10.5281/zenodo.15458657 | pages 24 – 25

de Souza Prado Siqueira, João Victor, Bracco Donatelli Muro, Felipe, Carvalho Zugaib, Raphael, de Carvalho Jr., Arnaldo

Description

This work addresses the classification of three automotive components – wheels, bearings, and helical gears – using computer vision algorithms and deep learning. The dataset, composed of high-quality images, was obtained and reviewed to ensure the model’s accuracy, which reached 90%. The system enables precise identification of the parts, contributing to the effective monitoring of components in industrial systems. 

9 – THEORIZATION OF THE POSSIBILITY OF OBSERVING AND MEASURING THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD OF A NEURON

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi:  10.5281/zenodo.15458750 | pages 26 – 29

H. H. Bo, Arthur, Maniçoba De Oliveira, Alexandre¹, de Carvalho Jr., Arnaldo

1. Maxwell Laboratory of Microwave and Applied Electromagnetism

Description

This study analyzes the electromagnetic field generated by neurons during electrical and chemical communication. It utilizes Ohm’s Law and biological data to determine the fundamental elements of the magnetic field, such as the current generated by the action potential, the resulting magnetic field, and membrane capacitance. Additionally, a graph was created in Scilab to visualize the electrical behavior of a neuron. 

10 – COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATION STUDIES TO INCREASE THE BANDWIDTH OF A DIELECTRIC RESONATOR

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15458810| pages 30 – 31

Freitas de Azevedo, Lwzardy Antônio¹, Silva de Queiroz, Renata¹, Sérgio Bezerra Sombra, Antonio², Xavier Gouveia, Daniel¹

1. Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia de Telecomunicações (PPGET) – Instituto Federal do Ceará

2. Laboratório de Telecomunicações e Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais (LOCEM) Departamento de Física Universidade Federal do Ceará

Description

In this work we study a technique to increase the bandwidth of dielectric resonators antennas, using computational simulation. The objective is to compare the bandwidth values of an antenna studied with a new technique with that of a traditional (cylindrical) resonator, analyzing how new geometries allow obtaining higher bandwidths. 

11 – COMPARISON OF PAL2V FILTER AND KALMAN FILTER USED IN MPU6050 ACCELEROMETER GYROSCOPE SENSOR

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15459964| pages 32 – 34

Ramos Pereira, Arthur, de Lima, Derek Antonio, Freitas de Melo, Lucas, Pasiani, Raphael, de Carvalho Jr., Arnaldo

Description

Many signals exhibit noise as a component that cannot be ignored; thus, a serie of methods are used with the intention of reducing it. This study compares the Kalman Filter and the PAL2V Filter based on Annotated Paraconsistent Logic using data from the MPU6050 gyroscope accelerometer. 

12 – ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ASSISTANCE FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH HEARING, VISUAL, AND MOTOR DISABILITIES

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15459983| pages 35 – 38

Piantoni, Jane¹, da Silva Moraes, Fabio¹, Ferraz, Rodrigo¹

1. Flextronics Institute of Technology – Sorocaba

Description

This article reviews the use of AI in assistive technologies for hearing, visual, and motor disabilities, focusing on computer vision, neural networks, and NLP. It highlights advances in accessibility, autonomy, and challenges such as privacy concerns. 

13 – IMAGE RECOGNITION USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR A SAFETY SYSTEM OF THE DOBOT MAGICIAN

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15460015| pages 39 – 41

Bertalia Santos, Lucas, Bracco Donatelli Muro, Felipe, Carvalho Zugaib, Raphael, de Carvalho Jr., Arnaldo, Bertazini, Enzo

Description

This study aims to enhance the safety of laboratory environments involving Dobot Magician robotic arms by implementing an image recognition-based safety system. The system is designed to prevent accidents and protect both the physical integrity of students and the robotic equipment. By detecting unauthorized objects within the robot’s workspace, the system triggers an electrical signal to halt the robot’s operation, thereby minimizing potential risks. 

14 – A NOVEL PATCH ANTENNA FOR GPS APPLICATION

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15460040| pages 42 – 44

Mendes Tercero, Andrés¹, Costa Cardoso, Gabriel¹, Maniçoba de Oliveira, Alexandre¹

1. Maxwell Laboratory of Microwave and Applied Electromagnetism

Description

Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has become an essential component in various applications, ranging from navigation to geolocation services. To meet the increasing demand for precision and reliability in GPS systems, antenna designs must evolve to enhance performance and adapt to diverse operating environments. Patch antennas, known for their compact size, low profile, and ease of integration, are widely utilized in GPS applications. In this study, a novel patch antenna design for GPS applications operating at 1.27 GHz and 1.46 GHz is proposed. The design process was conducted using Qucs Studio. The goal of this work was to achieve a compact and efficient antenna capable of providing high gain, stable radiation patterns, and minimal signal distortion at the targeted frequencies. The simulation results demonstrated favorable performance, meeting the design objectives for both frequency bands. 

15 – DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPACT DUAL-BAND PATCH ANTENNA FOR WiFi COMMUNICATION AT 2.45 GHz AND 5 GHz

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15460061| pages 45 – 47

Costa Cardoso, Gabriel¹, Diniz Lima, Felipe¹, Nascimento Lima, Paulo Victor¹, Cordeiro Ramos, Luiz Henrique¹, de Lima Silva, João Vitor¹, Maniçoba de Oliveira, Alexandre¹

1. Maxwell Laboratory of Microwave and Applied Electromagnetism

Description

This study explores the application of an alternative design in a patch antenna for Wi-Fi network frequencies. Wi-Fi is responsible for connecting essential electronic devices in modern life, operating in the 2.45 and 5 GHz bands, which are essential to ensure the performance and stability of wireless networks, enabling high transmission speeds and lower latency. Initially, we designed an antenna for the 2.45 GHz frequency, calculating its dimensions using the SciLab software. We then implemented and analyzed the project using the 3D electromagnetic simulator, Ansys HFSS. We tested various antenna designs and shapes to cover both frequencies, and these tests highlighted the potential of one antenna in particular, which demonstrated successful operation in both requested frequency bands. 

16 – PROTOTYPING OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD IDENTIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT DEVICE

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15460136| pages 48 – 50

Castilho Oliveira, Gabriel Henrique, Alves Ferreira, João Victor, Cardoso Medeiros, Matheus, Maniçoba de Oliveira, Alexandre

Description

This study explores the application of an alternative design in a patch antenna for Wi-Fi network frequencies. Wi-Fi is responsible for connecting essential electronic devices in modern life, operating in the 2.45 and 5 GHz bands, which are essential to ensure the performance and stability of wireless networks, enabling high transmission speeds and lower latency. Initially, we designed an antenna for the 2.45 GHz frequency, calculating its dimensions using the SciLab software. We then implemented and analyzed the project using the 3D electromagnetic simulator, Ansys HFSS. We tested various antenna designs and shapes to cover both frequencies, and these tests highlighted the potential of one antenna in particular, which demonstrated successful operation in both requested frequency bands. 

17 – ELECTROMAGNETIC ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL SIGNAL TRANSMISSION IN POLYGRAPHS: PHYSIOLOGY AND MEASUREMENT OF BODILY ELECTRICAL PULSES

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15460350| pages 51 – 53

L. Marques, Gustavo¹, Mendes Tercero, Andrés^{1, 2}, Santos e Santos, Enrico Carlos¹, C. Pedro, José Augusto¹, Maniçoba de Oliveira, Alexandre^{1, 2}

1. Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo, Brazil

2. Maxwell Laboratory of Microwaves and Applied Electromagnetism

Description

A polygraph was developed to capture biological signals using electromagnetic principles to measure heart rate, skin temperature, and humidity. With the use of precise sensors, the device provides data on an individual’s physical and emotional conditions. The effectiveness and signal interference were analyzed, highlighting the relevance of electromagnetism in biomedical engineering. 

18 – STUDY OF TEXTILE FREQUENCY SELECTIVE FOR WLAN APPLICATIONS

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15460362| pages 54 – 55

C. M. Santana, A.¹, W. Pereira, G.², M. de Oliveira, A.³, M. de O. Neto, N.¹, H. C. Maniçoba, R.¹

1. Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB)

2. Instituto de Computação (IC) – UFBA

3. Maxwell Laboratory of Microwave and Applied Electromagnetism

Description

The frequency response of the Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS) is investigate numerically through the Method of Moment (MoM). The results show that FSS made of periodic arrays of metallic square loop have a constant resonance frequency at 2.41 GHz which is independent of the dielectric used as substrate. On the other hand, the bandwidth varies according to the dielectric properties of the substrate. Finally, our results indicate a drop in transmission near the frequency of 2.41 GHz, suggesting an efficient filtering behavior in this frequency range. 

19 – A PROPOSED TEXTILE FREQUENCY SELECTIVE SURFACE (FSS) FOR MULTI-BAND APPLICATIONS

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15460376| pages 56 – 57

C. J. Pinheiro, J.¹, W. Pereira, G.², M. de Oliveira, A.³, F. dos Santos, Alex⁴, H. C. Maniçoba, R.¹

1. Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB)

2. Instituto de Computação – UFBA (IC)

3. Maxwell Laboratory of Microwave and Applied Electromagnetism

4. Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB)

Description

This summary aims to propose a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) capable of filtering multiple frequency spectra. In telecommunications, the use of equipment operating in different frequency bands is becoming increasingly common, resulting in signal saturation. Therefore, this article aims to propose an FSS capable of filtering spectra that operate in the Wi-Fi WLAN range of 2.4 GHz and Bluetooth technology, as well as operating in the 5G technology range (3.4 GHz to 3.7 GHz), and finally, in the Safety Band (5.850 GHz to 5.925 GHz).

20 – INFLUENCE OF TEXTILE DIELECTRIC MATERIALS ON SPIRAL-TYPE FSS FOR 5G APPLICATIONS

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15460398| pages 58 – 59

S. Oliveira, D.¹, W. Pereira, G.², M. de Oliveira, A.³, B. Moreira, R.⁴, F. dos Santos, Alex⁵, H. C. Maniçoba, R.¹

1. Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB)

2. Instituto de Computação – UFBA (IC)

3. Maxwell Laboratory of Microwave and Applied Electromagnetism

4. Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais (IFNMG)

5. Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB)

Description

With the advance of wireless communication technologies, there is a need for innovative solutions for frequency spectrum management. This work proposes the design of Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS) with a geometry inspired by the Ulam Spiral, using some textile materials, with the aim of optimizing signal filtering in the 3.5 GHz band for communication applications. 

21 – SIMULATION OF REMOTE MONITORING FOR AQUARIUMS

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15460415| pages 60 – 62

Guimarães Moia, Gabriel, de Biace Torres, Lucas, Amorim dos Santos, Júlia, Franco Godoi, Victor, de Carvalho Jr., Arnaldo

Description

In this work, we address the simulation of remote monitoring and control of pH, oxygen level, temperature, and luminance in an aquarium. We used the online simulator Wokwi to construct the circuit, and the Blynk app for remote control. The development was carried out in stages, starting with individual tests of sensors integrated with the ESP-32 hardware, followed by the complete integration of the sensors. Some sensors, such as pH and oxygen sensors, needed to be built in the simulator due to the absence of these components in Wokwi. In this context, we present the solutions we found to optimize the functionality of Wokwi when used with Blynk. 

22 – VISIBLE AND UV LIGHT MEASUREMENT METHODOLOGY

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15460442| pages 63 – 64

Nascimento Amaral, Daniel, Cardoso Otenio, Ewerton, de Oliveira da Silva, Fábio, M. de Oliveira, Alexandre, Mendes de Oliveira Neto, Antonio, de Carvalho Junior, Arnaldo

Description

UV and visible light measurements are fundamental in various areas, such as health, agriculture and environmental sciences. These measurements help to evaluate the quality of light that influences biological processes, such as bacteria proliferation, seed germination in scientific environments, and also makes it possible to understand the risks associated with sun exposure. The methodology involves the use of equipment such as photometers and spectrometers, which allow to quantify the intensity of radiation in different wavelengths. The proper calibration of the sensors is crucial to ensure the accuracy of the data collected. In addition, configuration of the measurement environment should be controlled to avoid external interference. With the correct analysis of the data, it is possible to apply the results to practices that promote safety and efficiency in crops and the protection of public health. The objective of this article is to present a methodology of visible and UV light measurements. 

23 – PATCH ANTENNA DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15460467| pages 65 – 66

de Souza Araujo, Edson, Alves Ferreira, Erick, de Oliveira da Silva, Fábio, Alves Dos Anjos, Gabriel, Gomes do Nascimento, Rodrigo, Silva Ribeiro, Thiago, M. de Oliveira, Alexandre

Description

Microstrip patch antennas are used in a variety of wireless applications, such as smartphones, radars, GPS systems, and IoT devices. Due to their advantages, such as portability, affordable cost, and ease of prototyping, this antenna was developed to be applied to Wi-Fi routers, helping and facilitating the increase in signal range. This methodology and development process allows for an accurate assessment of the antenna’s electromagnetic characteristics, helping to develop more efficient and effective solutions for wireless communication. With these studies, we seek not only to increase signal range, but also to ensure better performance and better availability and quality of the connection for users. 

24 – CONSTRUCTION OF A PATCH ANTENNA FOR OPERATION AT 1.2 GHz: REVIEW AND COST-EFFECTIVE PROTOTYPING

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15460470| pages 67 – 69

Dias da Silva, Bianca¹, Nascimento Amaral, Daniel¹, Costa Pereira da Silva, Gustavo¹, Paraventi Gomes Cardim de Medeiros, Lucas¹, Midori Nagano, Marina¹, Maniçoba de Oliveira, Alexandre^{1, 2}

1. Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica – Campus Cubatão – IFSP

2. Maxwell Laboratory of Microwave and Applied Electromagnetism

Description

This article presents the development of a patch antenna for operation at 1.2 GHz, covering everything from simulation using Scilab software to physical construction in the laboratory. The patch antenna demonstrated satisfactory performance, achieving the expected resonance. The study reinforces the importance of fabrication techniques and parameter optimization for the success of the project. 

25 – DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM APPLIED TO PORT TERMINAL MAINTENANCE DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM APPLIED TO PORT TERMINAL MAINTENANCE

Indexed in OpenAIRE | doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15460483| pages 70 – 72

Vitória Andrade Santos, Eloísa, de Macedo Henrique, Daniele, Augusto Varella, Walter, Bertazini, Enzo, Asenjo, Maurício

Description

In the industrial sector, data maps processes and resolves internal bottlenecks, identifying obstacles affecting operational performance. This work presents the development of a system focused on maintaining a port terminal, relating data collected during corrective maintenance with information on the failure mode, allowing the enhancement of understanding capacity and speed of failure containment, defect detection, and strategic mapping for maintenance planning and control.